High Availability Network Fundamentals

By Chris Oggerino
Published May 8, 2001 by Cisco Press.

eBook (Watermarked)

Your Price: $29.91
List Price: $37.39
About Watermarked eBooks

This PDF will be accessible from your Account page after purchase and requires PDF reading software, such as Acrobat® Reader®.

The eBook requires no passwords or activation to read. We customize your eBook by discreetly watermarking it with your name, making it uniquely yours.

Watermarked eBook FAQ

Add to cart

This is the eBook version of the printed book (published May 2001).

Description

Sample Content

Updates

Copyright 2006
Edition: 1st

eBook (Watermarked)
ISBN-10: 1-58705-289-X
ISBN-13: 978-1-58705-289-7

A practical guide to modeling and designing reliable networks

Provides a detailed introduction to modeling availability necessary for network design
Helps network designers understand the theoretical availability of their topologies
Explains the factors that limit availability to minimize the number of network failures
Provides all the information necessary to do basic availability modeling/budgeting

High Availability Network Fundamentals discusses the need for and the mathematics of availability, then moves on to cover the issues affecting availability, including hardware, software, design strategies, human error, and environmental considerations. After setting up the range of common problems, it then delves into the details of how to design networks for fault tolerance and provides sample calculations for specific systems. Also included is a complete, end-to-end example showing availability calculations for a sample network.

Part I Introduction to Availability

Chapter 1

Introduction to High Availability Networking

Why Do We Need High Availability?

What Is High Availability?

Attracting and Keeping Internet Customers

High Availability and Government Regulation

Presenting and Describing High Availability Measurements

The Percentage Method

The Defects per Million Method

MTBF, MTTR, and Availability

Relating the Percentage and DPM Methods

Additional Considerations in Measuring Availability

Analyzing Time Spent in Network Outages

Chapter 2

The Basic Mathematics of High Availability

Determining the Availability of Network Device Components

Estimating MTTR of a Network

The Availability Equation and Network Device Components

Availability and Uptime/Downtime

Determining the Availability of a Single Component

Determining the Availability of Multiple Components

Serial Availability

Simple Parallel Availability

N + 1 Parallel Availability

Serial/Parallel Availability

Determining Data Flow in a Network: Path Analysis

Using Reliability Block Diagrams for Path Analysis

Chapter 3

Network Topology Fundamentals

Serial Topology

Parallel Topology

Serial/Parallel Topology

Summary

Part II Predicting Availability

Chapter 4

Factors That Affect Availability

Predicting Hardware Availability

MTBF and MTTR

Calculating the Availability of a Simple Network Device

Calculating the Availability of a Redundant Single System

Calculating the Availability of a Network Segment

Predicting Software Availability

Calculating Software MTBF

Examples of Including Software Availability

Predicting Availability Considering the Environment

MTBF and MTTR for Electrical Power

Mitigating Power Loss

Power Loss Summary

Including Human Error and Process in Availability Calculations

Historical Downtime Due to Human Error and Process

Creating a Map of Downtimes Caused by Process Issues

Incorporating Process Issues in Network Availability Predictions

Mitigating Human Error Through Operations Process

Human Error and Operation Process Summary

Network Design

Load Sharing Redundant Fail-over Mechanisms

Standby Redundant Fail-over Mechanisms

Examples of Fail-over Mechanism Calculations

Summary

References Used in This Chapter

Chapter 5

Predicting End-to-End Network Availability: The Divide-and-Conquer Method

The Divide-and-Conquer Steps

A VoIP Network Example

Step 1: Determine Scenarios and RBDs

Step 2: Calculate the Availability of the Network Components

Step 3: Scenario-by-Scenario Redundancy Computations

Step 4: End-to-End Availability Calculations for Each Scenario

Section Summary: The End-to-End Network Availability Results

Designing Networks for Availability Goals

Summary

Part III Examples of Analyzing Real-World Availability

Chapter 6

Three Cisco Products:An Availability Analysis

Cisco uBR 924 Availability Calculations

Cisco uBR 7246 Availability Calculations

Cisco 12000 Availability Calculations

Chapter 7

A Small ISP Network: An Availability Analysis

The Small Internet Service Provider Network

Scenario 1 of The Small ISP Example

System Level Calculations for Scenario 1

The Network Availability for Scenario 1

Summary of Scenario 1

Scenario 2 of The Small ISP Example

System Level Calculations for Scenario 2

The Network Availability for Scenario 2

Summary

Chapter 8

An Enterprise Network: An Availability Analysis

System Level Calculations for an Enterprise Network

The Cisco 3600 Availability Calculations

The Cisco 1538 Availability Calculations

The Downtime from Lost Power for an Enterprise Network

Network Calculations for an Enterprise Network

The Parallel Component Calculations

The Serial Availability Calculations

Human Error and Process Contribution to Downtime in an Enterprise Network

Summary

Chapter 9

A Large VoIP Network: An Availability Analysis

A VoIP over Cable Network

The Availability Scenarios of VoIP over HFC

Scenario 1: Data to the Internet

Scenario 2: On Net Local Calling

Scenario 3: Off Net Local Calling

Scenario 4: Off Net Long Distance Calling

A Final Note About Scenarios

The System Level Calculations for VoIP over HFC

The CPE Router System Level Calculations

The Head-end Router System Level Calculations

The Backbone Router System Level Calculations

The Switch (8540) System Level Calculations

The PSTN Gateway System Level Calculations

The Assumed Availability Figures

Network Level Availability Calculations

Calculating Smaller Redundant Segments

Small Serial Network Component Calculations

Major Network Service Construct Availability

The Internet Access Service Availability

The Network Control Service Availability

Power Contribution to Downtime

PSTN Gateway Services Availability Computations

Calculating Scenario Availability

The Scenario 1 Calculations

The Scenario 2 Calculations

The Scenario 3 and 4 Calculations

Summary

Appendix A

The Contents of the CD

Computer Requirements

Basic Instructions for Using the CD

Chapter by Chapter Contents

Using the SHARC Spreadsheet

System Configuration Worksheet Procedure

Index

Submit Errata

Cisco Press Promotional Mailings & Special Offers

I would like to receive exclusive offers and hear about products from Cisco Press and its family of brands. I can unsubscribe at any time.

Privacy Notice

Overview

Pearson Education, Inc., 221 River Street, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, (Pearson) presents this site to provide information about Cisco Press products and services that can be purchased through this site.

This privacy notice provides an overview of our commitment to privacy and describes how we collect, protect, use and share personal information collected through this site. Please note that other Pearson websites and online products and services have their own separate privacy policies.

Collection and Use of Information

To conduct business and deliver products and services, Pearson collects and uses personal information in several ways in connection with this site, including:

Questions and Inquiries

For inquiries and questions, we collect the inquiry or question, together with name, contact details (email address, phone number and mailing address) and any other additional information voluntarily submitted to us through a Contact Us form or an email. We use this information to address the inquiry and respond to the question.

Online Store

For orders and purchases placed through our online store on this site, we collect order details, name, institution name and address (if applicable), email address, phone number, shipping and billing addresses, credit/debit card information, shipping options and any instructions. We use this information to complete transactions, fulfill orders, communicate with individuals placing orders or visiting the online store, and for related purposes.

Surveys

Pearson may offer opportunities to provide feedback or participate in surveys, including surveys evaluating Pearson products, services or sites. Participation is voluntary. Pearson collects information requested in the survey questions and uses the information to evaluate, support, maintain and improve products, services or sites; develop new products and services; conduct educational research; and for other purposes specified in the survey.

Contests and Drawings

Occasionally, we may sponsor a contest or drawing. Participation is optional. Pearson collects name, contact information and other information specified on the entry form for the contest or drawing to conduct the contest or drawing. Pearson may collect additional personal information from the winners of a contest or drawing in order to award the prize and for tax reporting purposes, as required by law.

Newsletters

If you have elected to receive email newsletters or promotional mailings and special offers but want to unsubscribe, simply email information@ciscopress.com.

Service Announcements

On rare occasions it is necessary to send out a strictly service related announcement. For instance, if our service is temporarily suspended for maintenance we might send users an email. Generally, users may not opt-out of these communications, though they can deactivate their account information. However, these communications are not promotional in nature.

Customer Service

We communicate with users on a regular basis to provide requested services and in regard to issues relating to their account we reply via email or phone in accordance with the users' wishes when a user submits their information through our Contact Us form.

Other Collection and Use of Information

Application and System Logs

Pearson automatically collects log data to help ensure the delivery, availability and security of this site. Log data may include technical information about how a user or visitor connected to this site, such as browser type, type of computer/device, operating system, internet service provider and IP address. We use this information for support purposes and to monitor the health of the site, identify problems, improve service, detect unauthorized access and fraudulent activity, prevent and respond to security incidents and appropriately scale computing resources.

Web Analytics

Pearson may use third party web trend analytical services, including Google Analytics, to collect visitor information, such as IP addresses, browser types, referring pages, pages visited and time spent on a particular site. While these analytical services collect and report information on an anonymous basis, they may use cookies to gather web trend information. The information gathered may enable Pearson (but not the third party web trend services) to link information with application and system log data. Pearson uses this information for system administration and to identify problems, improve service, detect unauthorized access and fraudulent activity, prevent and respond to security incidents, appropriately scale computing resources and otherwise support and deliver this site and its services.

Cookies and Related Technologies

This site uses cookies and similar technologies to personalize content, measure traffic patterns, control security, track use and access of information on this site, and provide interest-based messages and advertising. Users can manage and block the use of cookies through their browser. Disabling or blocking certain cookies may limit the functionality of this site.

Do Not Track

This site currently does not respond to Do Not Track signals.

Security

Pearson uses appropriate physical, administrative and technical security measures to protect personal information from unauthorized access, use and disclosure.

Children

This site is not directed to children under the age of 13.

Marketing

Pearson may send or direct marketing communications to users, provided that

Pearson will not use personal information collected or processed as a K-12 school service provider for the purpose of directed or targeted advertising.
Such marketing is consistent with applicable law and Pearson's legal obligations.
Pearson will not knowingly direct or send marketing communications to an individual who has expressed a preference not to receive marketing.
Where required by applicable law, express or implied consent to marketing exists and has not been withdrawn.

Pearson may provide personal information to a third party service provider on a restricted basis to provide marketing solely on behalf of Pearson or an affiliate or customer for whom Pearson is a service provider. Marketing preferences may be changed at any time.

Correcting/Updating Personal Information

If a user's personally identifiable information changes (such as your postal address or email address), we provide a way to correct or update that user's personal data provided to us. This can be done on the Account page. If a user no longer desires our service and desires to delete his or her account, please contact us at customer-service@informit.com and we will process the deletion of a user's account.

Choice/Opt-out

Users can always make an informed choice as to whether they should proceed with certain services offered by Cisco Press. If you choose to remove yourself from our mailing list(s) simply visit the following page and uncheck any communication you no longer want to receive: www.ciscopress.com/u.aspx.

Sale of Personal Information

Pearson does not rent or sell personal information in exchange for any payment of money.

While Pearson does not sell personal information, as defined in Nevada law, Nevada residents may email a request for no sale of their personal information to NevadaDesignatedRequest@pearson.com.

Supplemental Privacy Statement for California Residents

California residents should read our Supplemental privacy statement for California residents in conjunction with this Privacy Notice. The Supplemental privacy statement for California residents explains Pearson's commitment to comply with California law and applies to personal information of California residents collected in connection with this site and the Services.

Sharing and Disclosure

Pearson may disclose personal information, as follows:

As required by law.
With the consent of the individual (or their parent, if the individual is a minor)
In response to a subpoena, court order or legal process, to the extent permitted or required by law
To protect the security and safety of individuals, data, assets and systems, consistent with applicable law
In connection the sale, joint venture or other transfer of some or all of its company or assets, subject to the provisions of this Privacy Notice
To investigate or address actual or suspected fraud or other illegal activities
To exercise its legal rights, including enforcement of the Terms of Use for this site or another contract
To affiliated Pearson companies and other companies and organizations who perform work for Pearson and are obligated to protect the privacy of personal information consistent with this Privacy Notice
To a school, organization, company or government agency, where Pearson collects or processes the personal information in a school setting or on behalf of such organization, company or government agency.

Links

This web site contains links to other sites. Please be aware that we are not responsible for the privacy practices of such other sites. We encourage our users to be aware when they leave our site and to read the privacy statements of each and every web site that collects Personal Information. This privacy statement applies solely to information collected by this web site.

Requests and Contact

Please contact us about this Privacy Notice or if you have any requests or questions relating to the privacy of your personal information.

Changes to this Privacy Notice

We may revise this Privacy Notice through an updated posting. We will identify the effective date of the revision in the posting. Often, updates are made to provide greater clarity or to comply with changes in regulatory requirements. If the updates involve material changes to the collection, protection, use or disclosure of Personal Information, Pearson will provide notice of the change through a conspicuous notice on this site or other appropriate way. Continued use of the site after the effective date of a posted revision evidences acceptance. Please contact us if you have questions or concerns about the Privacy Notice or any objection to any revisions.

Last Update: November 17, 2020

Email Address